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: Obstruction causes a ventilation-to-perfusion ( ) mismatch, leading to hypoxemia and respiratory distress. Diagnostic Framework

: D-dimer testing is highly sensitive for ruling out PE in low-to-intermediate risk patients. Cardiac biomarkers like Troponin and BNP help assess myocardial injury and RV strain.

Diagnosis is often challenging because symptoms like dyspnea and chest pain are non-specific. Download Embolie pulmonaire aiguГ« pdf

) scans are alternatives for patients with renal issues or contrast allergies. Management and Treatment

: Tools such as the Wells Score or Geneva Score assess pre-test probability. The PERC (Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria) is used to safely exclude PE in low-risk patients without further testing. Diagnosis is often challenging because symptoms like dyspnea

: When thrombolysis is contraindicated or fails, options include catheter-directed thrombectomy or surgical embolectomy. Prognosis and Follow-Up

The development of PE is governed by , which consists of venous stasis, endothelial injury, and a hypercoagulable state. The PERC (Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria) is used

Patients with a first episode of unprovoked PE usually require anticoagulation for at least 3 to 6 months. Extended therapy may be necessary if persistent risk factors exist. Long-term monitoring is essential to detect rare complications like , which can present as persistent breathlessness months after the initial event.