Examines the physical and social conditions of the test (e.g., time limits, task instructions, and setting) to ensure they mirror real-world language use.
Weir’s primary contribution is a unified framework for validation that breaks down the "black box" of language testing into manageable components:
Focuses on how well test scores relate to external measures, such as performance in a university setting or other standardized tests like IELTS or TOEFL .
Investigates whether the test actually triggers the mental processes it claims to measure. For instance, does a reading test require high-level inference or just simple keyword matching?.
